Periodic table
Elements list
The Wiki article en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periodic_table takes up these patterns you can see in the table:
- Groups
- Periods
- Blocks
- Metals / metalloids / nonmetals
- Electron configuration
- Atomic radii
- Ionization energy
- Electronegativity
- Electron affinity
- Metallic character
- Linking or bridging groups
The article also takes up
- history
- alternative tables
- open questions
| 1 H | 2 He | ||||||||||||||||
| 3 Li | 4 Be | 5 B | 6 C | 7 N | 8 O | 9 F | 10 Ne | ||||||||||
| 11 Na | 12 Mg | 13 Al | 14 Si | 15 P | 16 S | 17 Cl | 18 Ar | ||||||||||
| 19 K | 20 Ca | 21 Sc | 22 Ti | 23 V | 24 Cr | 25 Mn | 26 Fe | 27 Co | 28 Ni | 29 Cu | 30 Zn | 31 Ga | 32 Ge | 33 As | 34 Se | 35 Br | 36 Kr |
Rows and columns are called periods and groups.
| Group 1: Alkaline metals | Lithium group |
| Group 2: Alkaline earth metals | Beryllium group |
| Group 11: Coinage metals | Copper group |
| Group 12: Volatile metals | Zinc group |
| Group 13: Icosagens | Boron group |
| Group 14: Crystallogens | Carbon group |
| Group 15: Pnictogens | Nitrogen group |
| Group 16: Chalcogens | Oxygen group |
| Group 17: Halogens | Fluorine group |
| Group 18: Noble gases | Helium group |
Might be most important to remember the groups 1-2 (s-block) and 13-18 (p-block) since they have a lot of periods. The p-block especially has shifting characteristics diagonally: nonmetals, metalloids, metals.
The table can be divided into blocks as seen below, in recognition of the sequence in which the electron shells are filled. Note that the f-block is those elements that are normally offset below the main table.
The blocks are named after the electron subshells named s, d, f, p. The s sub-shell can cotain a maximum of two electrons, which explains why the s-block is two columns wide.
The d-block can also be referred to as the transition metals.
Group 18: helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, radon. Reactivity increases down the group with radon being the most reactive. Group 17: fluorine (gas), chlorine (gas), bromine (liquid), iodine (solid), astatine (solid).