Epicurus (341–270 BCE)

Founded a philosophical system identifying pleasure as the supreme good and viewing the world as a random conglomeration of atoms, not ruled by any larger providence.

Epicureanism was one of two dominant philosophies during the late Roman Empire, alongside Stoicism, which was more popular. One difference was that most of the system was thought up by Epicurus himself, whereas Stoicism has had many authors contributing to its evolution.