Philosophy

See my excerpts from book The Stoics.

• 334–262 BCE Zeno of Citium
• Cleanthes
• Chrysippus
• 95—46 BCE Marcus Porcius Cato
• 4—65 Lucius Annaeus Seneca
• 60–100 Epictetus
• 121–180 Marcus Aurelius

Note to self: let Epicurus stand for this

• 341–270 BCE Epicurus

• Antisthenes
• 412–323 BCE Diogenes of Sinope
• Crates

• 1588-1679 Thomas Hobbes
• 1632-1704 John Locke
• 1685-1753 George Berkeley
• 1711-1776 David Hume

There's an old disagreement between this group and the "Rationalists". At least that's how Kant saw it. I don't know if the characters in these groups would have considered this an important distinction.

• 1596-1650 Rene Descartes
• 1632-1677 Baruch Spinoza
• 1646-1716 Gottfried Leibniz

Do not confuse these with the dogmatists in the early history of medicine, who have also been called "rationalists". 5th century medicine looks similar to 17th century philosophy in that the "rationalists" disagreed with the "empiricists", however the terms do not mean the same things.

• 1724-1804 Immanuel Kant
• 1788-1860 Arthur Schopenhauer

• 1813-1855 Søren Kierkegaard
• 1844-1900 Friedrich Nietzsche

• 1848-1925 Gottlob Frege
• 1872-1970 Bertrand Russell
• 1889-1951 Ludwig Wittgenstein
• 1902-1994 Karl Popper
• 1908-2000 Willard Van Orman Quine

(The term is nearly meaningless, it just means "not Analytic")

• Heidegger?
• Hegel?

• Portal: History arcs